Telecommuting and the mobile worker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Telecommuting and the mobile worker - Essay Example Regarding shifts, since telecommuters work from homes or nearby telework centres, those only available during non-conventional hours still have the flexibility to maintain their lifestyles and work their shifts too (Ellison, 2004). During disasters or when employees cannot access the central workplace, it is helpful if the firm has a separately located data bank, back-up servers and disaster recovery plans that allow employees access from any other location upon appropriate authorisation. Four advantages of telecommuting to the IT manager are reduced needs and costs associated with relocating equipment; fewer interruptions; higher capability to acquire talent; and reduced software license costs for personal devices (Hill et al, 2002). Since employees are free to work from locations of their convenience, they will find their own ways of mobility and hooking up to the infrastructure. This leads to fewer interruptions that arise when employees have to be moved to different areas of the office and having to be set up afresh. Since employees do not have to be in the same geographical region as the headquarters, appropriate talent can be sought from anywhere and contribute to the firm’s productivity. Finally, employees will often be responsible for upgrading their personal devices to keep up with technology and continue having access to their working information and stay connected. The disadvantages include the initial sourcing of appropriate technology; security threats; challenges in actively and continuously connecting employees; and efficient tracking of employees. Acquiring and implementing the technology to support telecommuting seamlessly is a burden to the IT budget. Then, since the IT manager has no foolproof way of controlling who shares remote devices with employees and accesses confidential information from them, security may be compromised. Further, since employees are only concerned with getting their

Online bidding Essay Example for Free

Online bidding Essay E-bay means you can search for items on the internet through its search tool bar. To access E-bay you go on www. ebay. co. uk here you can search for items you may want or need using the search tool bar and typing in key words. This will then bring up matching items that other people have put on e-bay to sell. From here you can view prices, details on the items and many have images for you to view the product. If you have found something you would like to bid for you put in your bid. When the time period for that item on sale ends, usually one week the person that has put in the highest bid for it gets it for that amount. However the seller can put on a reserve, if the reserve is not met the seller does not have to sell. Payments can be made by credit card or by sending a cheque in the post. Pay pal is the most popular way of paying for goods as it is well protected and secure. Goods are then posted or shipped out to the highest bidder. It is open to the whole world and you can therefore purchase things from other countries like China or America. You can purchase anything from kids toys to cars on eBay. One of the things that more and more people are buying on ebay is holidays. Some advantages of using online auctioning are; firstly you can shop on the internet from the comfort of your own home. This is a lot more relaxing, saves energy and time having to go in and out of shops. Another is that on ebay you can search for virtually anything and find what you need for example if you want to buy a perfume, a new handbag and look around for a new car you can look for all of these on one site. If you were to go out looking for these if would mean a lot of walking and travelling as there is not a shop that does al these. Another advantage of shopping on ebay is that you get special online prices; prices on ebay are usually a lot cheaper than in shops. Ebay alerts are useful as it emails you if your bids have been successful or if they have been out bid. Disadvantages of using online auctioning are; credit card fraud. One of the main things that put people of bidding for items online is that credit card fraud is a risk they will have to take, as there are many hackers out their who can brake the best security codes. Another disadvantage is that you have to keep checking the status of your bid because some one may have out bid you and you will then not get the product unless you out bid them. You also have to wait for what you have bought. Firstly you have to wait for the payment to go through which may take a few days and then you have to wait for it in the mail, depending on how far you have ordered from and the conditions arranged with the seller you cloud wait a very long time or a really short time for your products. Another disadvantage is that you do not know who the seller is and although the auctioning company will have their details people can still get away with fraud by taking payments and not sending anything out. Also faulty items can be a pain, if you product is not working properly or at all you have to send the goods back to the seller and then claim money back. This can turn into a very long process and can lead to court if it turns into disputes as the seller can claim it was working and refuse to refund. I think the target audience for online auctioning is for older people from about the age of 20 and upwards to about age 45. I think this because you need a credit card to be able to auction therefore you will need to be over the age of 18. I think male and females will use it, I also think more people without children will use it as you will need time to sit and search, with children this may be difficult. To auction online you will need to register with a credit card. If you do not have a credit card you will not be able to do it. Once register you can bid but also sell your own items.

Skin care cream

Skin care cream EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Term paper examines different aspects and issues involved in the development and operationalization of IMC strategy for Natural Menz Fairness Cream. Natural Menz Fairness Cream is a special skin fairness cream for Men. This is a cream made of all natural ingredients and having no side effects and focusing on value-added products which are not widely or readily available in any other companys cream. I have made marketing strategy including competitors analysis and marketing mix of fairness cream. The Marketing Mix Is The Set Of Decisions About Price, Promotion, Product And Channels Of Distribution. Only By Addressing These Elements We Can Actually Implement Our Marketing Strategy. I have designed distribution processes resulting in lower distributing costs and high profitability. Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is the judicious and efficient use of the promotional tools so that a universal, clear, and effective promotional message is communicated amongst the target audience. Product promotion involves informing, reminding, and persuading the consumers about a particular product or service. I have made IMC plan based on various communication mix tools like Advertising, Direct Marketing, Sales Promotion, and Publicity/Public Relations and Personal Selling. And established a budget method according to purchase advertising, and establish marketing and support activities for distribution and promotion of Natural Men fairness Cream. So in this term paper I have made IMC plan for Natural men fairness cream and then implement it and then evaluate it. Skin Care market The skin care market is valued at $180 million in India. With safe and effective procedures, advancement in medical technology, increase in awareness, the Indian Skin care solutions business is growing very fast. The skin care market can be segregated into toners, cleansers, sunscreens, anti-wrinkle creams, dark circle removing creams, astringents, facial creams, moisturizers, fairness creams, day and night creams, etc. Out of these, facial creams, moisturizers, fairness creams, day and night creams, etc. are the most popular products and account for approximately 60% of the skin care segment. The skin care market is at a primary stage in India. The penetration level for both the urban and rural market is low. Many people still prefer to use homemade and traditional products to cure the skin problems. However, within a period of five-six years, the use of skin care products has increased significantly in India. With changing life styles, increase in disposable incomes, greater product choice and availability, and influence of satellite television, more people are taking interest in personal grooming. The facial skin care market is booming. Products are competing with one another to take shelf space in the retail stores. Facial skin care products have become an essential part of the beauty market. Like western countries, creams and potions are applied in India also, in an effort to remove the pimples and the acne, fight stress and worry lines, and to remain young. Since the penetration level is still relatively low, growth is expected to be around 25% over the next five years. In the skin care category, Fair Lovely fairness cream, with a penetration of 75%, accounts for 60% of the skin care market in rural India. It also enjoys the undistinguished patronage of 58% of its user households. Both Ponds and Fair Lovely are enjoying a monopoly in the rural markets in their respective categories. Rural India is not averse to trying out the premium brands at high prices. Major players in Skin Care Market Some of the major players in this segment are Hindustan Lever (Fair Lovely, Lakme, Ponds) with a market share of 53%, followed by CavinKare- Fairever with a market share of over 12 % and Godrej-Fair Glow with a market share of 3.4 %. The other players that have a presence in the market are Emami (Gold Turmeric and Naturally Fair), Revlon (Fair Glow) etc. Fairness CREAMS MARKET in India Fairnesscreamshave become a vital product for the Indian companies in increasing their overall sales due to the importance given by Indian consumers towards fairness. As India is a country known for its diversity different consumers from different parts of the country prefer different brands. The leading players in the market includes Hindustan Lever Ltd., (HLLs) Fair Lovely with 76 percent of the market share and Cavin Kare s Fairever with 15 percent of the market share. Other important players like Godrej s Fairglow, Emmas Fair and Handsome, Vicco and Himalaya share the rest of the market share. There are number of fairness creams and other skin whitening products in the market such as peel-offs, serums, lotions etc. All the fairness creams have similar basic ingredients but the several additions make them more suitable to some particular skin type and may irritate other skin types. Sometimes and in some people it may have side-effects there are a number of creams in the market and manycosmetics. India has a tropical climate with maximum number of months having sun shining as the brightest star. Moreover, the temperatures are rising day by day. These factors create a need for the otherwise darkened skin due to over-exposure to the shining sun. All the companies are reaching out to the target customers through its wide range of fairness creams.AloeVeraextract, turmeric, vitamin-E, lemon extract are some of the ingredients which form major formulations. Another advantage of such fairness creams is that they tend to clear dark spots, brighten the discolored, pigmented skin and are suitable for all skin types. They have to be used twice a day on face and neck after cleaning them with a face wash. All thecosmeticscompanies have at least one fairness cream under their brand name. Although packing changes regularly, formulations remain the same. Starting from the most popular brand, Fair Lovely plays as the market leader with oldest brand and highest customer base. There are two more variants added to its original brand. They are anti-marks and ayurvedic range. For that flawless look Ponds of HLL and Oil of Olay of P G, quite openly challenge the seven-day test with a money-back guarantee. Shahnaz Herbal claims its product as herbal and best in its range. This product is economical in range as against the normal line of products at premium prices. For the last few years, Emami is selling its fairness cream for men The product is a great success, especially in small towns and cities. As most of the Indians are very much bothered about their colour complexion the fairness creams enjoy very good market growth rate when compared with other related product categories Description of Natural Menz Fairness Cream My Company (Natural) has decided to develop a new skin fairness cream for men. We wanted to make a product that was efficient in and affordable for Customers. So we developed an affordable and effective men fairness cream to sell to our customers. The name of the product is the Men fairness cream and Brand name is natural. There are few creams in the market that portray effectiveness, but cannot prove it. Our product will come in a very attractive container, which serves a better purpose. This product provides fairness to men. We will offer the product by meeting the objectives all the stakeholders of the organization. We want to cater to the demand of the customer with effective and affordable skin care cream. We plan to have an annual growth rate of 20%. We plan to establish high brand image of the fairness cream to our customers and provide them with products at a reasonable cost. We are planning to become one of the top three organizations in this segment in one year. We will target our customers by the needs approach. The concept of need will be perfectly applied to our target market. Our main grounds of introducing this unique concept and product line are to address the problem faced by men for not having fair skin. The problem or need to manage healthy looking skin is being answered in the best possible way by our product. Even though there are alternatives available in the markets to address the problem, none of these products have been able to address the need of affordability for everyone. We have tried to launch the fairness cream by informing our Customers that addresses their special needs and wants in the best possible and convenient way that provides a solution to their dark skin by proper customer satisfaction. The company which will be able to provide maximum consumer satisfaction and maximum possible solution to consumer needs and wants will be able to sustain in this competitive arena. Marketing plan Situational analysis Every organization is facing a lot of problem at present time in market analysis, so it became very necessary for every organization that before setting any objective the organization must be carried out situation analysis in order to recognize strength, weakness, opportunities and threat present in the organization. According to Sally and John, marketing plans are the written document or blueprint for implementing and controlling an organizations marketing activities related to a particular marketing strategy. A successful marketing plan is able to improve organizations profits and growth, uses in objective setting and monitors results. So to gain a successful market plan it is necessary to understand the current situation comprehensively and trends affecting the future of the organization.Situation analysis plays a vital role in developing marketing plan.First of all, its help our company to lead the dynamic marketing environment in the shoes market that will help to lead the uncertainty, threats and opportunities for marketers. Marketing managers who success to know changes in environment through situation analysis can lead their companies to capitalize on opportunities and cope with threats created by changes. Then, systematically analyzing situational environments in order to identify our customers and understand their needs. There are certain opportunities for Skin fairness Company, such as increase more and more men target market and increase market and market share through integrated PR, advertisement and promotional campaign. Increasing competitions a Threat to Skin care industry. Market Competition Our main men skin care cream competitors are: Emami with Fair and handsome cream and Fair and Lovely with Menz active skin care cream for men.Nivea is also entering with its fairness cream for men. SWOT Analysis of Natural Menz fairness Cream SWOT analysis will help me to identify our company strength, weaknesses, opportunity and threats internally and externally both. Through this, we can easily identified our Natural menz fairness cream competitors in the market that are fair and handsome and fair and lovely menz active and once we know the company weakness and what kind of opportunity we have for the present and future prospect then we can easily make cost effective IMC plan and strategic IMC plan for the company. In SWOT analysis of the company, we have found the following that will help to make more strategically and cost effective IMC plan: STRENGTHS Strong Market Research. Natural ingredients used in Cream. Strong sales and distribution network. Having easily access to skin care cream at low cost. Well-established linkages with buyers in all parts of India. WEAKNESSES Lack of Finance and Experience in this field Environmental problems Opportunities Increasing per capita income drives Skin care cream growth A changing profile of a differentiated set of consumers. Large scale potential customers. A buoyant growing economy. Growing international and domestic markets. Retain customers through quality and natural ingredients in cream and timely deliveries. THREATS New entrants/local competitors/ MNCs: These would increase the competition like Nivea is entering in men fairness segment. High internal competition Emami and Fair and lovely also catering the men fairness segment. Technological change: This makes the products obsolete in short span of time. So we should focus have to focus on technological innovations from time to time. S.T.P. Segmentation The segmentation will be on the basis of following bases:- Age (18 or Above), Gender (Men), Behavioral Lifestyle, Income Occupation Regions (East, West, North, South) etc. Targeting Target market is men who want Fair skin and wholesalers and Retailers who are in the business of selling cosmetic goods. Positioning We will position our cream on the basis of natural ingredients used in it. We will market this cream by giving them a clear comparison between the chemical-based products they are now using and our natural products. Marketing mix or 4Ps PRODUCT Natural Menz Fairness Cream is a new skin fairness cream for men.The name of the product is the Men fairness cream and Brand name is natural. Our product will come in a very attractive packaging having detail of price and ingredients, which serves a better purpose for informing the consumer and for Promotion of Cream. This fairness cream will be provided to our customers at a reasonable cost. Our main grounds of introducing this unique concept and product line are to address the problem faced by men for not having fair skin. The problem or need to manage healthy looking skin is being answered in the best possible way by our product. Even though there are alternatives available in the markets to address the problem, none of these products have been able to address the need of affordability for everyone with natural ingredients. We have tried to launch the fairness cream by informing our Customers that addresses their special needs and wants in the best possible and convenient way that provides a solution to their dark skin by proper customer satisfaction. The company which will be able to provide maximum consumer satisfaction and maximum possible solution to consumer needs and wants will be able to sustain in this competitive arena. Price We will maintain our pricing positions as a Low price provider. We are the best product available from the most discriminating consumer. We intend to maintain our separation from the price competition initially by providing creams at low cost. Price increases will be due mostly to the fluctuation of our ingredient prices. Price of my product is Rs 25 of 75 gm. The strategy used for Pricing is PENETRATION APPROACH Strategy. PENETRATION APPROACH It is an approach in which we set a price firstly low and then as demand increases we increase the price of the product. PLACE Once a sale is made, the product is shipped to the distribution point our facility. We will be looking at setting up a drop-shipment so goods travel directly from the manufacturer to the customer. Our whole physical distribution process will be fueled by sales. The following activities will be coordinated in order to physically move our product: Communication between order processing and physical distribution. Warehousing of finished product for distribution. Selection of transportation method to move the finished goods from warehouse. Handling the finished product at the distribution point. We will also provide necessary delivery service to customers in a timely manner and keep costs under control. Promotion In our Promotional strategy we will try to change consumers buying behavior, to have a brand image, to increase profit, to increase sale of our product. We will apply two kind of sale promotion, one is directed toward consumer and other one is directed toward trade such as dealer, supplier, retailer etc. Consumer sale promotion tools Trade sale promotion tools. IMC PLAN FOR Natural MenZ fairness Cream Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is the judicious and efficient use of the promotional tools so that a universal, clear, and effective promotional message is communicated amongst the target audience. I have made IMC plan based on various communication mix tools like Advertising, Direct Marketing, Sales Promotion, Publicity/Public Relations and Personal Selling. IMC objective The IMC objective of the Natural company is following:- To Increase sale by 50% in next six month. To Increase brand awareness. To Increase customer loyalty. To Increase desire of customer for purchase of men skin fairness cream. To Increase repeat purchase. To measure customer satisfaction. To create relationship with customer on personal level. To control and observe public opinion. To receive feedback from customer on regular basis Adoption Model Promotional Guidelines Utilize promotions that are consistent with and enhance marble product image Review success or failure of each promotion to help in developing future promotions Test new promotions when possible Use appeals that are of interest to your target market and that are realistic to obtain Make your objectives measurable and obtainable Develop total promotional campaigns, not just ads Marble need higher promotional budgets than established a good brand image Marble in out-of-the-way locations require higher promotional budgets than stores with heavy traffic. Advertising Advertisement plays a great role in the minds of the customers. It is a paid form of the non-personal product or service. In any of the advertisement every company must keep in their minds customers viewpoint. Remember that your customers are people without good technical or detailed understanding of your products and services. The mark of truly effective advertising and marketing is the ability to convey complex issues to the audience in a manner that is interesting, relevant, meaningful, and easy to digest very quickly. Thomas Jefferson suggested that The most valuable of all talents is that of never using two words when one will do and this is a good maxim for writing good advertising material. So this skin care cream advertisements will be simple and easily understood, truthful, informative, sincere, and customer-oriented. The main objective of the advertisement of the Hunky company will be the following:- To inform to the target market about our product. To persuade to the target market about natural menz fairness cream with respect to price and quality and with our positioning message. Of natural ingredients. Print ad of natural menz skin fairness cream A cream that can change your life makes your skin fair 100% natural ingredients. no irritation no side effects easy to use and easily available. cheaper price. DIRECT MARKETING It is one to one approach that uses Personal advertising media to produce an enquiry or some important results. In this we will get feedback about the product also. It can be done by direct mail, telemarketing, internet, person to person video or voice chat, personal interaction etc. TELEMARKETING Using telemarketing agency is a proven method of marketing. Telemarketing can be an extremely good and cost-effective method for generating sales enquiries, selling products and services. It is important to identify a good telemarketing agency, and to that ensure your aims, outline script. A good CRM (Consumer Relation management) computer system to manage lists, data, is normally essential for telemarketing is to be successful on any reasonable scale, and good telemarketing agencies will already be using such systems which hopefully will interface with your own systems. Good experienced telemarketing staff and managers listen to their audience. A good telemarketing agency will work best by developing their own approach to meet the broad requirements of a project brief and an outline of what you want to achieve, and how you want to achieve it. Consumers and businesses are protected by certain rights relating to direct marketing techniques such as telemarketing, and you must ensure that your activities adhere to these rules. BROCHERS LEAFLETS Brochures and leaflets can be used for a variety of purposes. It is distributed in different ways. A good printer can provide examples and castings. The main aim of a brochure is foremost to generate new business through providing information in a way that appeals to the reader. Some brochures and leaflets are pleasing pieces of art, but they dont achieve anything for the business. If you work with a designer be sure to control any fanciful tendencies and keep the message and style to the point. Too much spent on a brochure can give the impression that your business is extravagant. When producing leaflets and brochures think about the way that they are to be distributed. If it needs an envelope try to avoid using a non-standard envelope size, which will add cost unnecessarily. Do you want people to retain the material? If so perhaps a business card or plastic credit-card-type attachment would help? SALES PROMOTION In Sales promotion we will provide various consumers and trade promotional tool such as rebate, discount, gift, contest, coupons, price deal, contest game, sampling to the target market to increase sale of skin fairness cream. There are certain objectives of the sales promotion of skin fairness cream. To increase immediate product sale To increase support among the marketers sales force. To gain the support of the trade in marketing the product SALES Promotional tools By the help of Promotional strategy we will try to change consumers buying behavior, to have a brand image, to increase profit, to increase sale of our product. We will apply two kind of sale promotion, one is directed toward consumer and other one is directed toward trade such as dealer, supplier, retailer etc. Consumer sale promotion tools We will apply following promotional tools to increase sale among consumers. Price DEAL: -Price deal is temporary reduction in price of product. We will provide two type of price deal: cents-off deals and price-pack deals. Price deal will be is given at various times to stimulate purchase of skin fairness cream. Coupon: A coupon is typically a printed certificate giving the bearer a stated price reduction or special value on a specific product, generally for a specific period. In this We will provide Various company issue various kind of coupon that contain various discount price customer get the advantage of this discount and purchase skin fairness cream at low price. Offer: There is various kind of gift that will be offered by various skin fairness cream industries. Premium:sometime various companies like Emami and Fair and Lovely etc. offer some gift or at bargain price to encourage customer buying. Sampling:Some company like American eagles to known customer feedback provide free sample of various skin fairness cream according to their preference. Advertising Specialties:Advertising specialties also call a promotional product. It will be mostly given to our loyal customers. It includes various cards like birthday card or gift, New Year card. It is mostly done to retain old customer. Trade sale promotion tools Objectives of Trade Sales Promotion: Gain/maintain distribution Influence resellers to promote product Influence resellers to offer price discount Increase reseller inventory Defend against competitors Avoid reduction of normal prices There are various sale promotion tools that stimulate trade to promote company product. There are a lot of trade sale promotion tools some are as discussed below: Trade Allowances Trade allowancesare short-term special allowances, discounts, or deals granted to resellers to stimulate reseller to rapid purchase of their product. Point-of-Purchase Display Point-of-purchase displays are generally used at the retail level to call customer attention to a featured product. In this company employees observe every retail shop and that retail shop that display more company product will be winner of special gift or prize After implementing these different techniques of sale promotion we monitor result and evaluate these by comparing with objective set before implementation MARKETING IMPLEMENTATION Successful implementation calls for breaking up the plans into micro-level activities, timing, and scheduling them, assigning them to people -in-charge, coordinating their efforts and monitoring the execution process. Marketing plan basically implemented on the basis of market segmentation. We have gone through the target market segment which basically includes:- Middle income class Lower income class High income class Implementation is an integral part of strategy. It make sense when it is implemented into Indian skin care market it saw an opportunity for an organized sector. The customer was moving towards branded goods in other segments. Natural did the process of creating brands in the minds of customer. Launch a blind ad campaign on billboards and magazines in all A class areas of major cities and magazine with respect to target market. Heavy advertising on TV, newspapers and magazines Set displays of skin care creams in showrooms and major dealer outlets in all cities. Continue Advertising. Evaluate Performance The Goal of our marketing plan is to achieve market objective that are established before implementation of marketing plan. We evaluate and control our strategic tactics by comparing our result with standard established before setting of plan, by measuring customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. If result is less than our standard than it means there is any default in implementation and monitoring in the program. The people who are responsible for the monitoring and control of the marketing plan will be the Marketing Executives, Sales Managers, Media Managers, Market Research Departments, and the Production Managers. Manager has to measure the actual performance either through consumer surveys or sales figure. Whether Sales have been increased or not after launching of IMC plan. The market share have increased or not after launching of cream. Brand image have to increase because of our marketing strategies used. it must got success to satisfy their customer towards their new product Manager got to know these outcomes by comparing actual performance with set standards of new product. These steps also helped out to take further decision or plans. Some activities will be carried out for evaluating the overall performance that will be precisely and closely evaluating the effectiveness of the strategies and tactics for example the gathering and structuring of data regarding market, product, consumers and the pricing trends, then the generation of daily sales report should be maintained and then in the end continuous reconfirming of the marketing budget and activities by the managers of different divisions. BUDGET A budget is generally a list of all planned expenses and revenues. It is a plan for saving and spending. A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs between two or more goods. In other terms, a budget is an organizational plan stated in monetary terms. In summary, the purpose of budgeting is to:- Provide a forecast of revenues and expenditures i.e. construct a model of how our business might perform financially speaking if certain strategies, events and plans are carried out. Enable the actual financial operation of the business to be measured against the forecast. Procedures for Setting a Promotional Budget All-you-can-afford method Incremental method Competitive parity method Percentage-of-sales method Objective-and-task method Conclusion To put the pre-going discussion in a nut-shell. It can be safely be ventured to opine that our company has much potential at that time but if we use the above strategy in proper manner we easily conclude that we will be able to lead the companies in the India and abroad. However there are some discrepancies in such sectors so we can realize that all the features that are involved directly or indirectly in the production are working properly at their positions .As for Indian customers but In all over the world. Speaking for natural menz skin care cream is the evident that the company must benefit from its target customer on the basis of quality and originality. Speaking for natural menz freshness cream it is evident that the company must benefit for the spectacular development of its company in the skin care cream district sales of finished products. After taking an overview of the strategies of Natural menz freshness cream we can easily understand the successful journey of Natural in all factors of advertisement and proper awareness about its products to the customers before launching and after launching. Also evaluates the response and feedback of customers on basis or its advertisement research. bibliography websites http://www.fairandlovely.in/about_FAL/about_fal.aspx http://www.unilever.com.lk/ourbrands/personalcare/FairandLovely.asp http://www.scribd.com/doc/21635826/01-Fairness-cream-research http://www.livemint.com/2008/01/23224142/HUL-to-launch-new-skincare-ran.html?d=1 http://www.naukrihub.com/india/fmcg/overview/skin-care/ books Marketing Management A South Asian Perspective by Philip Kotler Newspaper/Journals/magazines 4 Ps Indian management Business today Business line The Hindu

The Last Day :: essays papers

The Last Day Confusion raced through her mind. The other life was just an action away. She didn’t want to be here anymore and she was ready to leave. She was tired of always getting hurt; nothing could be worse than the life she was living. Sure, there were people who loved her, but she didn’t love herself enough to stay here. All of the pain would stop with just one or two strokes of the blade against her wrists. Tristyn picks up the phone and dials a number she has dialed everyday for the past two years. â€Å"Hey girl!† Wendy says as she answers the phone. â€Å"Hey.† replies Tristyn. â€Å"I’m gonna have to call you back; I’m on the other line.† â€Å"No, it’s alright. Just one question†¦how do you slit your wrists? Is it sideways or up and down?† â€Å"I did it sideways, but you are supposed to do it up and down on the main artery.† â€Å"Alright, bye.† She hangs up the phone and sits for a minute. Everything would be so much easier if I just weren’t here anymore. I wouldn’t have to see her everyday and know that I can’t have her. Will everyone understand that I had to do this? I hate to hurt people but I just can’t take this pain anymore. I just hope that everyone understands, but at least I won’t be here to hear everyone talking about how stupid I was to take my life. They just don’t understand. Emili walks into the room and looks at the girl she used to love. â€Å"You can’t do this Tristyn! I’ll call the cops right now!† says Emili. â€Å"The cops aren’t going to do *censored* to me! Just go pack your stuff and leave me alone!! You don’t care anyway!† Tristyn shouts. All Tristyn can do is lay on the couch and cry. She prays that her mom can understand why she had to do this. She doubts that she will. Tristyn lies on the tan nubuck leather couch her mom bought her and reflects on her life and all that has happened to lead her to this low point. Tristyn had always been given all the things she ever wanted or needed. Her mom had always made sure that she never did without. Tristyn hoped that her mom did not blame herself for any of this. There was no one to blame but herself, she knew that, for getting pulled in once again, only to be hurt for the final time.

Human Rights and Communication Essay

Every individual has a right to communication and we are governed by standards and codes of practice to ensure that these needs are met. Communication is a basic human right, without communication the individual is unable to realise or exercise their rights. Under the human rights act 1998 all people have the right to ‘freedom of expression’. 1. 2 When working with service users who have specific communication needs it is important to have a good understanding of what their needs are, so they can be supported and encouraged in everyday activities. If I didn’t understand their specific communication needs, I would not be able to communicate fully with the individual, their needs would be unmet and basic skills of effective communication may be forgotten. 1. 3 The environment I am in is important for communication towards service users. If I am communicating with a service user that has hearing loss or poor sight the lighting needs to be sufficient enough for them to see clearly or lip read. Background noise may hinder communication between the service user and I as they may get distracted by the noises and not hear what is being said. Positioning is important so that the service user and I can both see the body language and facial expressions between ourselves. All these can be helpful with effective communication. 1. 4 Some service users because of certain health conditions have their own way of communicating; this can be due to hearing difficulties, in which case they will use sign language. Another could be because of learning problems and these people use a form of body language, some might use their eyes whilst others communicate by making facial expressions, sounds or even pointing. A further reason could be due to a severe medical condition and in some of these cases the individual can learn to use electronic equipment to communicate. 1. 5 No matter what a person’s disability if it affects their communication they will need help and support to express them in a way that will make them to be understood. Some forms of communication aids are listed below:- Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) most of us use this form one way or another every day without thinking about it. Objects, photographs, symbols Hearing aids British sign language (BSL) Makaton, which is used to help those who have difficulty in forming words Braille Picture exchange communication systems (PECS) Pen and paper Touch Translator Interpreters 1. 6 When having difficulties in expressing yourself it can lead to becoming distressed and agitated, without the right communication aids to help their needs they may become depressed, isolated and withdrawn, which can change their behaviour to frustration, violence and acts of anger. Some people may give up trying to communicate altogether which can end up having their rights denied as they weren’t given the right communication aids, support or listened to in the first place. 2 2. 3 It is important to access information for specific communication needs so that you can support the person in the best possible way. In my work setting before the service users arrive we are sent a care plan of the needs they may have, if they use any communication aids, I will then talk to the individual to try and get any extra information, also talking to the family/carers, friends and other professionals involved in their care. Internet can be useful when you are unsure of a certain illness, disability or communication aid an individual may have. As their needs change so will their care plan. 5 5. 1 As electronics are ever increasing and upgrading so have various aids to support communication and promote independence. Example, people with sight loss can have access to talking microwaves, talking clocks, talking photo albums and talking books. Also there is a lightwriter which is a portable device which the user types what they want to say and it says it for them, this is handy for those who have trouble getting their words out or cannot speak at all. 5. 2 There is support and training available to help an individual use communication aids, this is important to ensure they are using it properly. In many cases the aid fails because the individual received little or no support in setting up the aid. Training is important to the individual, staff, family and friends, the training can continue for a while as their needs change so might the aid to help them. It is important that the communication aid is set up properly, if not this may result in a fault with the aid and the aid not being used to its full potential. With all electrical aids a qualified electrician must check all pieces to ensure they work properly and are fit for use. The aid needs to be charged at all times and ready for use else the individual may lose communication halfway through a conversation which can then affect the behaviour of the individual by becoming frustrated and angry.

King oedipus analysis Essay

Destiny and Freewill   This is one of the most important themes in the play and leaves the reader with the engrossing question of whether or not freewill is an illusion. The play doesn’t actually answer this question, but it shows the complex interplay of fate and freewill that culminates in Oedipus’ tragic plight. Jocasta, Laius and Oedipus all try to escape the prophecy but they are unwittingly led into their seemingly unavoidable fate. This element of the play is intended to show the reader the power of prophecy and the supreme authority of the gods in contrast with the futility of human beings. The play also shows how human nature plays a vital role in the fulfilment of the prophecy. Compassion and pity on the shepherd’s behalf prevents Oedipus from dying as a baby. Oedipus’ own impetuous temper results in the murder of his own father, Laius. His momentary display of intelligence in solving the riddle is his ultimate triumph as well as his seed of destruction as it results in marriage to his mother, Jocasta. In resolving to find out the truth about his birth, he brings the suffering on himself. His arrogant, taunting attitude towards Teirisias further exposes the terrible truth. In this way, the play shows how freewill also contributes to Oedipus’ downfall. Pride and humility   Pride is Oedipus’ fatal flaw; his arrogance towards both the gods and human beings leads to his destruction. Sophocles probably intended to teach people the importance of humility and recognising the superiority of the gods that they believed in. Oedipus’ arrogance is displayed in his long, speeches and in the hot-headed way he unknowingly killed his father. His initial refusal to accept any blame or wrongdoing on his part shows that he has a high opinion of himself. One of the main sources of his pride is his defeat of the Sphinx, which saved Thebes and put him on the throne, and yet the reader knows that this was also the cause of one of his foulest crimes, marriage to his mother. In this way, the playwright communicates a message about the folly of taking human achievement too seriously. Because of this, the play is not very humanistic but belittles human beings as futile and flawed. Wisdom and ignorance The conflict between Teirisias and Oedipus represents the conflict between wisdom and ignorance, Teirisias being wisdom and Oedipus being ignorance. Teirisias’ comment â€Å"To be wise is to suffer† is ironic because it comes true for Oedipus. When he learns the truth about himself and becomes wise, he is in utmost agony. The play shows that perhaps having knowledge is not necessarily a good thing, as Teirisias warns, and that there are limitations to our knowledge that we should accept. Sight and blindness   Teirisia is a blind seer, which sounds like a contradiction in terms. However, even though he is physically blind, he has the insight and knowledge, which Oedipus lacks. When Oedipus finally gains this insight at the end of the play, he blinds himself physically. Throughout the play, Oedipus is blinded by his own arrogance, shown in his refusal to accept that he is the cause of Thebes’ misery. â€Å"Living in perpetual night, you cannot harm me, or any man else that sees the light. †   His deliberate disbelief enables him to issue the curse, never considering that it might affect himself in the end. Oedipus is also blind to his true position in relation to the gods. He believes he can thwart prophecy and outsmart the gods. The attitude he displays shows that he has almost made himself a god, who has the power to curse and demand whatever knowledge he seeks. Humility   Sophocles certainly agrees with this contention in his play, King Oedipus. The character of Creon who is more cautious is intended to contrast with Oedipus’ impetuous arrogance. It is Oedipus’ lack of humility that causes much of his own suffering. On the other hand, Creon’s more careful approach to life evades a potentially disastrous situation when Oedipus accuses him of conspiracy. Characters Oedipus   Oedipus is willing to help the people of Thebes. â€Å"I would gladly do anything to help you. † He is actively involved with his city. â€Å"I have not thought it fit to rely on my messengers, but am here to learn for myself†¦ †   Arrogant – proud of his own abilities such as solving the riddle of the sphinx. â€Å"Until I came – I, ignorant Oedipus, came – and stopped the riddler’s mouth, guessing the truth by mother-wit, not bird-lore. † Sympathetic towards the city of Thebes – â€Å"I grieve for you my children. Believe me, I know all that you desire of me, all that you suffer; and while you suffer none suffers more than I. †   Jumps to conclusions about the ones closest to him. He accuses Creon of conspiring to take over the throne. â€Å"Must Creon, so long my friend, my most trusted friend, stalk me by stealth and study to dispossess me of the power that this city has given to me†¦ † He assumes that Jocasta fears that he was an illegitimate child. â€Å"The woman, with more than woman’s pride, is shamed by my low origin. †   Easily angered, irascible especially by Teiresias – â€Å"Insolent scoundrel†¦ Shameless and brainless, sightless, senseless sot! †   Steadfast and staunch in his quest to expose the truth. â€Å"Nonsense: I must pursue this trail to the end, till I have unravelled the mystery of my birth. † Not a fatalist; expresses the belief that ‘chance rules our lives’.   Acts as the mediator between Oedipus and Creon, typical of her role as a mother and wife. â€Å"What is the meaning of this loud argument, you quarrelsome men?†¦ You are making much of some unimportant grievance. †   Abandons Oedipus on the hillside to perish because of prophecy yet dismisses prophecy later in the play. â€Å"For I can tell you, no man possesses the secret of divination. And I have proof†¦ Why should you then, heed them for a moment? † and â€Å"A fig for divination! †   Cannot face the horror of the truth and dies at her own hands Creon   A contrast to Oedipus in terms of character. He is calmer and more reasonable. â€Å"Reason with yourself, as I; and ask, would any man exchange a quiet life, with royal rank assured, for an uneasy throne? † He is more humble and cautious- â€Å"I do not presume to say more than I know†, and acknowledges the gods – â€Å"God will decide, not I. † He is deeply hurt by Oedipus’ accusations – â€Å"If he thinks that I have done him any harm, by word or act, in this calamitous hour, I will not live†¦ † Teiresias   Physically blind, yet gifted with second sight (prophecy). â€Å"All heavenly and earthly knowledge are in your grasp. In your heart, if not with eye, you see our city’s condition. † Reluctant to share his knowledge with Oedipus because he knows the damage it will cause. â€Å"When wisdom brings no profit, to be wise is to suffer. † Laius   He is only mentioned through other people in the play. Shepherd   Like Teiresias to impart his knowledge until threatened. Oedipus terrorizes, â€Å"Answer! If I must speak again, you die! † He also serves to confirm Oedipus’ greatest fears. Chorus Represents the voice of the elders as well as the general public. It comments on the action in the play, sometimes siding with Oedipus, other times questioning his actions and words. They are the voice of religious belief, more than once urging the need to heed the words of the gods. â€Å"I only ask to live, with pure faith keeping in word and deed that Law which leaps the sky, made of no mortal mould†¦ whose living godhead does not age or die. † It is at times philosophical, commenting on the nature of existence and the frailty of human attainment and success. â€Å"All the generations of mortal man add up to nothing! Show me the man whose happiness was anything more than an illusion followed by disillusion. Here is the instance, here is Oedipus, here is the reason why I will call no mortal creature happy†¦ Then learn that mortal man must always look to his ending. And none can be called happy until that day when he carries his happiness down to the grave in peace. † Symbols Sight and blindness – this is used as a metaphor for knowledge and ignorance. Context   The play was written during the Classical period in Ancient Greece in the 5th century BC, a time of optimistic humanism. Sophocles tends to celebrate humanity but also plea for adherence to justice, moderation and the gods.